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Python 2D niz

Niz je zbirka linearnih podatkovnih struktur, ki vsebujejo vse elemente iste podatkovne vrste v sosednjem pomnilniškem prostoru. Je kot vsebnik, ki vsebuje določeno število elementov, ki imajo isto vrsto podatkov. Indeks matrike se začne pri 0, zato lahko programer zlahka pridobi položaj vsakega elementa in izvede različne operacije na matriki. V tem razdelku bomo spoznali 2D (dvodimenzionalne) nize v Pythonu.

Python 2D niz

Dvodimenzionalni niz (2D niz)

2D niz je niz nizov, ki jih je mogoče predstaviti v matrični obliki, kot so vrstice in stolpci. V tej matriki je položaj podatkovnih elementov določen z dvema indeksoma namesto z enim indeksom.

Sintaksa

začne se z javo
 Array_name = [rows][columns] # declaration of 2D array Arr-name = [ [m1, m2, m3, &#x2026; . m<sub>n</sub>], [n1, n2, n3, &#x2026; .. n<sub>n</sub>] ] 

Kje m je vrstica in n je stolpec tabele.

Dostop do dvodimenzionalne matrike

notri Python , lahko dostopamo do elementov dvodimenzionalne matrike z uporabo dveh indeksov. Prvi indeks se nanaša na indeksiranje seznama, drugi indeks pa na položaj elementov. Če definiramo samo en indeks z imenom matrike, vrne vse dvodimenzionalne elemente, shranjene v matriki.

Ustvarimo preprost program za razumevanje 2D (dvodimenzionalne) matrike v Pythonu.

2dSimple.py

 Student_dt = [ [72, 85, 87, 90, 69], [80, 87, 65, 89, 85], [96, 91, 70, 78, 97], [90, 93, 91, 90, 94], [57, 89, 82, 69, 60] ] #print(student_dt[]) print(Student_dt[1]) # print all elements of index 1 print(Student_dt[0]) # print all elements of index 0 print(Student_dt[2]) # print all elements of index 2 print(Student_dt[3][4]) # it defines the 3rd index and 4 position of the data element. 

Izhod:

Python 2D niz

V zgornjem primeru smo posredovali 1, 0 in 2 kot parametre v 2D matriko, ki natisne celotno vrstico definiranega indeksa. In smo tudi mimo študent_dt[3][4] ki predstavlja 3rdindeks in 4thpoložaj 2-dimenzionalnega niza elementov za tiskanje določenega elementa.

Prečkanje elementa v 2D (dvodimenzionalno)

Program.py

 # write a program to traverse every element of the two-dimensional array in Python. Student_dt = [ [72, 85, 87, 90, 69], [80, 87, 65, 89, 85], [96, 91, 70, 78, 97], [90, 93, 91, 90, 94], [57, 89, 82, 69, 60] ] # Use for loop to print the entire elements of the two dimensional array. for x in Student_dt: # outer loop for i in x: # inner loop print(i, end = &apos; &apos;) # print the elements print() 

Izhod:

do in while zanka v Javi
Python 2D niz

Vstavite elemente v 2D (dvodimenzionalni) niz

Elemente lahko vstavimo v 2D niz z uporabo vstavi() funkcija, ki podaja indeksno številko in lokacijo elementa, ki naj se vstavi.

Insert.py

 # Write a program to insert the element into the 2D (two dimensional) array of Python. from array import * # import all package related to the array. arr1 = [[1, 2, 3, 4], [8, 9, 10, 12]] # initialize the array elements. print(&apos;Before inserting the array elements: &apos;) print(arr1) # print the arr1 elements. # Use the insert() function to insert the element that contains two parameters. arr1.insert(1, [5, 6, 7, 8]) # first parameter defines the index no., and second parameter defines the elements print(&apos;After inserting the array elements &apos;) for i in arr1: # Outer loop for j in i: # inner loop print(j, end = &apos; &apos;) # print inserted elements. print() 

Izhod:

Python 2D niz

Posodobite elemente v 2-D (dvodimenzionalni) matriki

V 2D matriki je mogoče obstoječo vrednost matrike posodobiti z novo vrednostjo. Pri tej metodi lahko spremenimo tako določeno vrednost kot tudi celoten indeks matrike. Razumejmo s primerom 2D polja, kot je prikazano spodaj.

Ustvarite program za posodobitev obstoječe vrednosti 2D polja v Pythonu.

Update.py

 from array import * # import all package related to the array. arr1 = [[1, 2, 3, 4], [8, 9, 10, 12]] # initialize the array elements. print(&apos;Before inserting the array elements: &apos;) print(arr1) # print the arr1 elements. arr1[0] = [2, 2, 3, 3] # update the value of the index 0 arr1[1][2] = 99 # define the index [1] and position [2] of the array element to update the value. print(&apos;After inserting the array elements &apos;) for i in arr1: # Outer loop for j in i: # inner loop print(j, end = &apos; &apos;) # print inserted elements. print() 

Izhod:

Python 2D niz

Brisanje vrednosti iz 2D (dvodimenzionalne) matrike v Pythonu

V 2-D matriki lahko odstranimo določen element ali celoten indeks matrike z uporabo od() funkcijo v Pythonu. Razumejmo primer za brisanje elementa.

Delete.py

 from array import * # import all package related to the array. arr1 = [[1, 2, 3, 4], [8, 9, 10, 12]] # initialize the array elements. print(&apos;Before Deleting the array elements: &apos;) print(arr1) # print the arr1 elements. del(arr1[0][2]) # delete the particular element of the array. del(arr1[1]) # delete the index 1 of the 2-D array. print(&apos;After Deleting the array elements &apos;) for i in arr1: # Outer loop for j in i: # inner loop print(j, end = &apos; &apos;) # print inserted elements. print() 

Izhod:

Python 2D niz

Velikost 2D polja

A samo () se uporablja za pridobitev dolžine dvodimenzionalne matrike. Z drugimi besedami, lahko rečemo, da a samo () določa skupni indeks, ki je na voljo v 2-dimenzionalnih nizih.

oblikovalski vzorci v Javi

Razumejmo funkcijo len(), da dobimo velikost 2-dimenzionalne matrike v Pythonu.

Velikost.py

 array_size = [[1, 3, 2],[2,5,7,9], [2,4,5,6]] # It has 3 index print(&apos;The size of two dimensional array is : &apos;) print(len(array_size)) # it returns 3 array_def = [[1, 3, 2], [2, 4, 5, 6]] # It has 2 index print(&apos;The size of two dimensional array is : &apos;) print(len(array_def)) # it returns 2 

Izhod:

Python 2D niz

Napišite program za tiskanje vsote 2-dimenzionalnih nizov v Pythonu.

Matrix.py

 def two_d_matrix(m, n): # define the function Outp = [] # initially output matrix is empty for i in range(m): # iterate to the end of rows row = [] for j in range(n): # j iterate to the end of column num = int(input(f &apos;Enter the matrix [{0}][{j}]&apos;)) row.append(num) # add the user element to the end of the row Outp.append(row) # append the row to the output matrix return Outp def sum(A, B): # define sum() function to add the matrix. output = [] # initially, it is empty. print(&apos;Sum of the matrix is :&apos;) for i in range(len(A)): # no. of rows row = [] for j in range(len(A[0])): # no. of columns row.append(A[i][j] + B[i][j]) # add matrix A and B output.append(row) return output # return the sum of both matrix m = int(input(&apos;Enter the value of m or Row
&apos;)) # take the rows n = int(input(&apos;Enter the value of n or columns
&apos;)) # take the columns print(&apos;Enter the First matrix &apos;) # print the first matrix A = two_d_matrix(m, n) # call the matrix function print(&apos;display the first (A) matrix&apos;) print(A) # print the matrix print(&apos;Enter the Second (B) matrix &apos;) B = two_d_matrix(m, n) # call the matrix function print(&apos;display the Second (B) matrix&apos;) print(B) # print the B matrix s= sum(A, B) # call the sum function print(s) # print the sum of A and B matrix. 

Izhod:

Python 2D niz