V Javi niz rezanje je način za pridobitev podmatrike dane matrike. Recimo, da je a[] niz. Ima 8 elementov, indeksiranih od a[0] do a[7].
a[] = {8, 9, 4, 6, 0, 11, 45, 21}
kako deluje računalnik
Zdaj želimo poiskati rezino matričnega indeksa od a[3] do a[6]. Kjer je a[3] začetni indeks in a[6] končni indeks. Zato dobimo naslednje narezan niz :
a[] = {6, 0, 11, 45}
V tem razdelku se bomo naučili kako najti rezino matrike v Javi.
Obstajajo naslednji trije načini za iskanje rezine matrike:
- S kopiranjem elementov
- Z uporabo metode copyOfRange().
- Uporaba Java 8 Stream
O vsaki metodi se pogovorimo podrobneje.
vnos niza v javo
S kopiranjem elementov
Je izvorna metoda za pridobivanje rezine matrike. Pri tej metodi najprej poiščemo začetni in končni indeks dane matrike. Po tem ustvarimo prazno matriko (razrezano matriko) velikosti (endIndex - startIndex). Iz podane matrike kopirajte elemente (iz startIndex) v razrezano matriko. Na koncu natisnite razrezano matriko.
Izvedimo zgornji pristop v a Java program za pridobitev razrezane matrike dane matrike. V tem programu. uporabili bomo niz primitivnih tipov.
SliceArrayExample1.java
import java.util.Arrays; public class SliceArrayExample1 { //creating a functiion to the slice of an array public static int[] getSlice(int[] array, int startIndex, int endIndex) { // Get the slice of the Array int[] slicedArray = new int[endIndex - startIndex]; //copying array elements from the original array to the newly created sliced array for (int i = 0; i <slicedarray.length; i++) { slicedarray[i]="array[startIndex" + i]; } returns the slice of an array return slicedarray; main() method public static void main(string args[]) from which we will find int[] 56, 78, 22, 45, 90, 67, 91, 0, 31}; start index and end denotes part original to be int startindex="3," endindex="8;" get slicedarray="getSlice(array," startindex, 1); prints system.out.println('slice array: '+arrays.tostring(slicedarray)); < pre> <p> <strong>Output:</strong> </p> <pre> Slice of Array: [22, 45, 90, 67, 91, 0] </pre> <h2>By Using the copyOfRange() Method</h2> <p>The copyOfRange() method belongs to the Java Arrays class . It copies the specified range of the array to the newly created array (slice array) and returns the newly created array that contains the specified range from the original array. It takes <strong>O(n)</strong> time to create slicing of an array and <strong>O(n)</strong> space to store elements, where n is the number of elements of the resulting array.</p> <p> <strong>Syntax:</strong> </p> <pre> public static int[] copyOfRange(int[] original, int from, int to) </pre> <p>The method parses the three parameters:</p> <ul> <tr><td>original:</td> It is an array whose slice is to find. </tr><tr><td>from:</td> It is the start index. It must lie between 0 to the length of the given array. </tr><tr><td>to:</td> It is the end index. </tr></ul> <p>It throws the following exceptions:</p> <ul> <tr><td>ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException:</td> If from is less than 0 or from is greater than the length of the specified array. </tr><tr><td>IllegalArgumentException:</td> If the parameter from is greater than to. </tr><tr><td>NullPointerException:</td> If the given array is null. </tr></ul> <p> <strong>SliceArrayExample2.java</strong> </p> <pre> import java.util.Arrays; public class SliceArrayExample2 { //function to get slice of a primitive array in Java public static int[] slice(int[] array, int startIndex, int endIndex) { // Get the slice of the Array int[] slicedArray = Arrays.copyOfRange(array, startIndex, endIndex); // return the slice return slicedArray; } public static void main(String args[]) { //get the array, startIndex and endIndex int[] array = {11, 23, 56, 90, 111, 901, 251, 800, 843}; int startIndex = 2, endIndex = 6; //get the slice of the array int[] sliceArray = slice(array, startIndex, endIndex + 1); //prints the slice of an array System.out.println('Slice of Array: '+Arrays.toString(sliceArray)); } } </pre> <p> <strong>Output:</strong> </p> <pre> Slice of Array: [56, 90, 111, 901, 251] </pre> <h2>By Using Java 8 Stream</h2> <p>By using the following steps, we can find the slice of an array using the Java 8 Stream.</p> <ul> <li>First, find the startIndex and endIndex array.</li> <li>Convert the elements (that are in range) into Primitive Stream using range() method.</li> <li>Using the <strong>map()</strong> method map the specified elements from the specified array.</li> <li>By invoking the <strong>toArray()</strong> method, convert the mapped array into an array.</li> <li>Print the <strong>sliced</strong> </li> </ul> <p> <strong>SliceArrayExample3.java</strong> </p> <pre> import java.util.Arrays; import java.util.stream.IntStream; public class SliceArrayExample3 { //user defined function that finds the sslice of an specified array public static int[] findSlice(int[] array, int startIndex, int endIndex) { //getting the slice of an array and storing it in array slcarray[] //the range() method converts the elements into stream //getting the elments of the int stream using lambda expression //converting the mapped elements into sliced array using the toArray() method int[] slcarray = IntStream.range(startIndex, endIndex).map(i -> array[i]).toArray(); //returns the slice of array return slcarray; } //main() method public static void main(String args[]) { //Get the array, startIndex and endIndex int[] array = {12, 45, 90, 55, 34, 100, 345, 897, 67, 123, 0, 789}; int startIndex = 5, endIndex = 10; //Get the slice of the array int[] slcarray = findSlice(array, startIndex, endIndex + 1); //Print the slice of the array System.out.println('Slice of array for the specified range is: '+Arrays.toString(slcarray)); } } </pre> <p> <strong>Output:</strong> </p> <pre> Slice of array for the specified range is: [100, 345, 897, 67, 123, 0] </pre> <hr></slicedarray.length;> Z uporabo metode copyOfRange().
Metoda copyOfRange() pripada razredu Java Arrays. Kopira podani obseg matrike v novo ustvarjeno matriko (matriko rezin) in vrne novo ustvarjeno matriko, ki vsebuje podani obseg iz izvirne matrike. Vzame O(n) čas za ustvarjanje rezanja matrike in O(n) prostor za shranjevanje elementov, kjer je n število elementov nastale matrike.
iterator java zemljevid
Sintaksa:
public static int[] copyOfRange(int[] original, int from, int to)
Metoda razčleni tri parametre:
Omogoča naslednje izjeme:
SliceArrayExample2.java
import java.util.Arrays; public class SliceArrayExample2 { //function to get slice of a primitive array in Java public static int[] slice(int[] array, int startIndex, int endIndex) { // Get the slice of the Array int[] slicedArray = Arrays.copyOfRange(array, startIndex, endIndex); // return the slice return slicedArray; } public static void main(String args[]) { //get the array, startIndex and endIndex int[] array = {11, 23, 56, 90, 111, 901, 251, 800, 843}; int startIndex = 2, endIndex = 6; //get the slice of the array int[] sliceArray = slice(array, startIndex, endIndex + 1); //prints the slice of an array System.out.println('Slice of Array: '+Arrays.toString(sliceArray)); } } Izhod:
10 od 50
Slice of Array: [56, 90, 111, 901, 251]
Z uporabo Java 8 Stream
Z uporabo naslednjih korakov lahko poiščemo rezino matrike s pomočjo Java 8 Stream.
- Najprej poiščite niz startIndex in endIndex.
- Pretvorite elemente (ki so v obsegu) v primarni tok z uporabo metode range().
- Uporabljati zemljevid() metoda preslika podane elemente iz navedene matrike.
- S sklicevanjem na toArray() pretvori preslikano matriko v matriko.
- Natisnite narezana
SliceArrayExample3.java
import java.util.Arrays; import java.util.stream.IntStream; public class SliceArrayExample3 { //user defined function that finds the sslice of an specified array public static int[] findSlice(int[] array, int startIndex, int endIndex) { //getting the slice of an array and storing it in array slcarray[] //the range() method converts the elements into stream //getting the elments of the int stream using lambda expression //converting the mapped elements into sliced array using the toArray() method int[] slcarray = IntStream.range(startIndex, endIndex).map(i -> array[i]).toArray(); //returns the slice of array return slcarray; } //main() method public static void main(String args[]) { //Get the array, startIndex and endIndex int[] array = {12, 45, 90, 55, 34, 100, 345, 897, 67, 123, 0, 789}; int startIndex = 5, endIndex = 10; //Get the slice of the array int[] slcarray = findSlice(array, startIndex, endIndex + 1); //Print the slice of the array System.out.println('Slice of array for the specified range is: '+Arrays.toString(slcarray)); } } Izhod:
Slice of array for the specified range is: [100, 345, 897, 67, 123, 0]